Elastic bookbinding.



J. W. HYATT.

ELASTIC BOOKBINDING. APPLICATION FILED JANA. 191a.

Patented Dec. 31,1918.

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ELASTIC BOOKBIN DING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1918.

Application filed January 4, 1918. Serial No. 210,246.

To all whomc't may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. I-IYATT, a citizen of the United States, of141 Commerce street, Newark, county ofEssex, and State of'New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ElasticBookbinding, fully described and represented in the followingspecification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to provide a means of connecting theleaves of a magazine or book together at the back, which means isespecially intended as a substitute for the yielding binding employed inmagazines, such as is often formed with metallic fastenings, and bystitching.

The present invention relates to a special application of spiral-springsto perforations extended through the back 'of the book, and also tospecial means of securing the ends of the springs so that they will holdthe book normally closed. and when it is opened they will be extended. 1

The spiral-wire-springs are preferably formed in a series havingintegral wire-ties, the ties serving to hold all the springs in theperforations, and the extreme ends of the series being secured byspecial means as hereinafter described. The springs may be used singly,as well as in such integral series, and

.the perforations may be extended straight through the back of the'book,or at an inclination to the face of the book, which permits longersprings to be employed.

Any suitable means may be used for forming the group of spiral-springswith their adjacent ends connected by integral ties, one such meansbeing shown in my copending application No. 210247 filed Jan. 4, 1918,for patent on spring-winding machine.

Thepresent invention will be understood by reference to the annexeddrawing, in which Figure lshows the outer side of a book or magazinewith the elastic binding applied near its rear edge; Fig. 2 is a sectionof the book shown in Fig. 1. taken through the centers of thespring-holes; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of six springs connected byintegral ties and adapted for use as shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an endview of the back portion of the book shown in Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is amodification. Figs. 6 and 7 show different for-ms of the springs, inendviewr Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one corner of the book with thesprings secured in the hole by a pin; Fig. 9 shows a book opened and theresulting extension of the springs; Fig. 10 shows a spring disconnectedfrom any of the other springs; Fig. 11 such a spring with thinfiat-heads attached thereto; and Fig. 12 an edgeview of one of theflat-heads suitable for such purpose.

Sloping perforations are preferably employed, and such construction isshown in Figs. 1 and 2, where a designates a group of nine signaturesforming a book, the face 6 of which is shown in Fig. 1.

Six sloping perforations 0 are shown extended through the book atalternate inclinations, and a series of springs adapted for insertion insuch perforations is shown in Fig. 3, the springs being marked (Z andtheir integral connectors e. The opposite ends of the series are shownformed with extensions f, but these may be dispensed with and the end ofthe spring secured by a pin or head, as hereinafter described.

The book is shown in Fig. 2 formed of signatures or groups of leaves, asis customary, and inclined or sloping perforations are readily formedthrough such signatures by punching holes in the separate signatures atgradually or progressively increasing distances apart, as indicated at gin Fig. 2. Holes in pairs arranged at progressive distances apart form,as shown in Fig. 2, sloping perforations with stepped sides, and thesignatures are thus punched with great cheapness bythe automatic punchshown in my application No. 210,248 filed January 4, 1918, and allowedMay 31, 1918.

For round springs, such as are shown in Fig. 6, such perforations may bemade oval, as shown in Fig. 1, but the coils of the springs may beflattened, as shown in Fig. 7, to facilitate the bending of the springs;and in such case round holes punched in the signatures would produceoval perforations in the line of the spring.

Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 8 show a means of securing the ends of a spring in theperforation by inserting a pin is through and across the coils d at theend of the spring, the end-coil being picked up by the pin and held atthe surface of the paper while' the pin ispushed through the-coils, asshown in Fig. 8.

Such spring may be secured from any (lerangement, in the use .of thebook, by pasting a tape it over the surface of the book at thespring-holes, thus covering the pins, as shown at h and 7c in Fig. 4,and furnishing a suitable means for attaching a cover to the volume bystitchin if desired. It is, however, preferable, where the tapes areapplied to a book having the springs connected by integral ties, topaste the tapes upon the outer signatures of the book before the signatures are punched, and the tapes are thus punched at the same time asthe outside signatures, and permit the insertion of the springs readilyin the perforations, leaving the ties e lyin upon the surface of thetape, which it hol s in place and reinforces its strength, whensubjected to any strain by the attachment of a cover.

In such case, the pins would lie on the outside of the tape, as is shownat is in Fig. 1, and would be pressed down flat upon the same by asuitable press or flattening tool.

Owing to the thinness of the tape and paper leaves, the proportions ofthe parts are necessarily exaggerated in the drawing to show themclearly.

The perforations being formed through the book in any suitable manner,the springs are threadedthrough the same with the ties or connectors elying upon the surface of the leaves, and the ends of the last springssecured in any of the modes shown herein.

The connection of the springs together in an integral series affords agreat advantage in the application of the springs to the holes in thebook, and in the securing of the springs when inserted; as it avoids thehandling of each spring separately and securing each spring separatelyin its perforation. It will also be noted that the strain upon thesprings is, to a great extent, removed from the fastenings of theend-springs and is transferred to the ties and connectors which lie uponthe surface of the leaves.

Separate springs may be used, such as are shown in Figs. 8, 10 and 11,which are adapt ed for insertion through the book at right ngles to itssurface, Fig. 10 indicating such a spring cl of suitable length tobarely extend through the book.

Fig. 11 shows the same spring, with dot ted lines a"indicating thesheets to be bound,

and thin fiat-heads 2' attached to the opposite ends of the springs andbearing upon the surface of the sheets and secured firmly to the springsby the use of a roughened or threaded shank j upon the inner side of thehead, which shankis proportioned to crowd into the interior of thesprings and to be retained therein by the elastic grip of its coils uponthe grooves in the shank.

Fig. 5 shows tapes secured upon the outer sides of the leaves before thesprings are applied, and the heads 2' thus lie outside of the apes. 1

and the shank held within the ends of the' springs in such position, soas to press the leaves of the book permanently together.

The connection of the several spiralsprings in each binding, by means ofintegral connectors or wire-ties, avoids the use of fastenings at bothends, which involve expense and labor to apply, and such fastenings aremore prominent than the integral wire-ties which lie close upon thesurface'of the leaves, and presents no projections to make theirpresence objectionable.

It will be observed that the inclination; of the perforations throughthe book is readily produced by punching the holes in the separatesignatures at progressively increasing distances, and uniting thesignatures in a volume in the required order to produce the inclinedperforations desired.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention what is claimed hereinis:

l. A book having aplurality of perforations next to the back, and aseries of spirals springs inserted in the perforations and havingintegral wire-connectors between the ends of the springs, as and for thepurpose set forth.

2. A book having perforations sloped in opposite directions next to theback, and spiral Wire-springs inserted within such perforations andhaving integral wire-connecs tors intermediate to the adjacent springs.

3. A book having perforations sloped in opposite directions next to theback, and spiral wire springs inserted within such perforations andhaving integral wire-connectors intermediate to the springs extended outside of the leaves of the book.

4; A book having perforations sloped in opposite directions next to theback, and

serted within such perforations and having integral wire-tiesintermediate to the springs extended upon the surface of the book, and

pins inserted through the terminals of the end-springs to retain them inthe perforations.

6. A book having holes sloped in opposite directions next to the back,the holes being natures arranged in the book to produce slopingperforations with'stepped sides, and spiral Wire springs inserted withinsuch of the perforations and having integral Wire ties their adjacentends, and a tape or other intermediate to the springs extended uponWoven fabric secured to the surface of the the surface of the book. bookover such wire-ties. 10 7 A book having perforations extended Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set 5 through the leaves next theback, spiral Wiremy hand.

springs inserted Within such perforations and having integral wire-tiesconnecting JOHN W. HYATT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G."

